China unveils thorium-fueled nuclear ship to carry 14,000 containers

China has unveiled detailed specifications for its upcoming nuclear-powered cargo ship, touted as the world’s largest, which will be driven by a thorium-based molten salt reactor (TMSR) with a thermal output of 200 megawatts. Designed to carry 14,000 standard containers, the ship’s reactor matches the power level of advanced US Navy submarine reactors but uses thorium instead of uranium, offering enhanced safety and efficiency. The reactor powers a supercritical carbon dioxide generator employing the Brayton cycle, producing 50MW of electrical power with a thermal-to-electric efficiency of 45-50%, significantly higher than conventional steam reactors. Key safety features include operation at atmospheric pressure, a strong negative temperature coefficient to prevent runaway reactions, passive decay heat removal systems, and a sealed modular design with a 10-year lifespan before replacement. This vessel is part of China’s broader push into advanced nuclear technology, leveraging its abundant thorium reserves, particularly in Inner Mongolia. The country achieved a milestone in 202