Crystal power: iron minerals tear through plastic pollutants

Scientists led by Prof. Chuanjia Jiang at Nankai University have discovered that the crystal structure of natural iron oxyhydroxide nanominerals significantly influences the breakdown rate of organophosphate esters (OPEs), toxic chemical additives used in plastics. These additives, which act as flame retardants and softeners, are widespread pollutants suspected of disrupting endocrine systems in humans and animals. The study tested three common iron minerals—goethite, akaganeite, and lepidocrocite—using a model compound to assess their catalytic efficiency in hydrolyzing OPEs. Lepidocrocite was found to be the most effective catalyst due to its surface iron atoms generating strong electric fields that facilitate pollutant degradation, while akaganeite bound pollutants more tightly but was less reactive. This research highlights that the nanoscale crystal structure of iron minerals determines their catalytic activity in breaking down plastic additives, a process naturally occurring in soils and sediments worldwide. The findings suggest that