France trials nuclear-powered attack submarine to modernize fleet

France has advanced its naval modernization with the De Grasse, the fourth Suffren-class nuclear-powered attack submarine, beginning sea trials on February 24, 2026. This milestone follows the activation of its nuclear reactor in December 2025 and extensive dockside testing since its launch in May 2025. The De Grasse is part of the Barracuda program, a long-term initiative to replace the aging Rubis-class submarines from the 1980s with six modern, stealthier, and more capable vessels. Managed by the French defense procurement agency (DGA) and developed in partnership with the French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energy Commission (CEA), Naval Group, and TechnicAtome, the program aims to sustain France’s undersea warfare capabilities through at least 2060. The Barracuda-class submarines are designed for over 30 years of service, featuring enhanced stealth, longer endurance, and expanded combat capabilities compared to their predecessors. Each submarine displaces around 4