Liquid crystal elastomers give soft robotics 2,000x lifting power

Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a new type of artificial muscle for soft robotics by integrating liquid crystals (LCs) into liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), a rubber-like material that changes shape with heat. This innovation results in soft robotic muscles that are nine times stronger and more flexible than previous versions, capable of lifting loads up to 2,000 times their own weight and delivering work output nearly three times that of average mammalian muscle. The enhanced strength and stiffness arise from microscopic LC pockets dispersed within the elastomer, which provide solid-like resistance to stretching while maintaining overall flexibility. This breakthrough addresses a key limitation in soft robotics, where traditional materials often lack the strength and durability needed for powerful, precise movements. The new LCE-based muscles enable robots to move more naturally and safely, expanding potential applications in minimally invasive surgery, drug delivery, delicate electronics assembly, and human-assistive manufacturing. The research team plans to advance this technology by developing 3D-printable inks from