MIT’s pills that communicate from stomach integrates biodegradable radio frequency antennas

Researchers at MIT have developed an innovative pill capsule that can communicate from within the stomach to confirm medication ingestion. The system integrates a biodegradable radio frequency (RF) antenna made from zinc embedded in a cellulose particle, which is safely absorbed by the body after use. The capsule’s outer layer consists of gelatin coated with cellulose and a metal layer (molybdenum or tungsten) that initially blocks RF signals. Once swallowed, the coating dissolves, releasing the drug and activating the RF antenna. The antenna then receives an external RF signal and transmits a confirmation signal indicating the pill has been consumed. This technology aims to improve medication adherence monitoring, especially for patients requiring strict regimens, such as transplant recipients on immunosuppressive drugs or individuals with chronic infections like HIV or tuberculosis. Traditional methods to improve adherence, such as long-lasting delivery capsules, are not compatible with all medications, so this communication-enabled pill offers an alternative by allowing healthcare providers to verify ingestion without altering the drug itself. The biodegradable design