New sodium battery promises cleaner energy, drinkable water from sea

Researchers at the University of Surrey have made a significant breakthrough in sodium-ion battery technology by discovering that retaining water within a key material—nanostructured sodium vanadate hydrate (NVOH)—dramatically improves battery performance. Contrary to conventional practice, which removes water due to concerns it might hinder function, the “wet” NVOH showed nearly double the charge capacity of typical sodium-ion cathodes, faster charging, and stability over 400 cycles. This advancement positions sodium-ion batteries as a more efficient, greener, and cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion batteries, which rely on scarcer and more environmentally damaging materials. Beyond enhanced energy storage, the research revealed that these batteries could also perform electrochemical desalination when operating in seawater, removing sodium and chloride ions to produce fresh water. This dual functionality suggests future systems could use abundant seawater as a safe electrolyte while simultaneously generating drinkable water, addressing both energy and freshwater scarcity challenges. The discovery simplifies manufacturing and could accelerate the commercial viability of