Solid-state batteries carry fire risks similar to liquid cells: Report

The article discusses the safety risks associated with solid-state batteries, which are often promoted as a safer alternative to traditional liquid lithium-ion batteries. Despite replacing liquid electrolytes with solid ones, experts caution that solid-state batteries still carry significant fire and thermal runaway risks due to their high energy density and the reactive nature of lithium metal, especially in designs using lithium metal anodes. Experimental findings indicate that lithium metal can react with cathode materials even without oxygen, potentially causing extreme aluminothermic reactions at very high temperatures. Thus, safety challenges remain and must be addressed through careful materials engineering, cell design, and manufacturing controls rather than assuming inherent safety. In China, momentum is growing to commercialize solid-state batteries in the automotive sector, with companies like FAW Group planning to introduce these batteries in vehicles by 2027 and others initiating pilot production for testing. However, some analysts warn against viewing solid-state batteries as a guaranteed solution to fire risks, noting that liquid lithium-ion batteries continue to improve in safety through innovations