US lab taps Amazon cloud to build AI-powered nuclear reactors

Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a leading U.S. Department of Energy nuclear research facility, has partnered with Amazon Web Services (AWS) to leverage advanced cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI) for the development of autonomous nuclear reactors. This collaboration aims to create digital twins—virtual replicas—of small modular reactors (SMRs) ranging from 20 to 300 megawatts. Using AWS tools such as Bedrock, SageMaker, and custom AI chips (Inferentia, Trainium), INL plans to enhance modeling, simulation, and ultimately enable safe, self-operating nuclear plants. The initiative is designed to reduce costs, shorten development timelines, and modernize the nuclear energy sector, which has historically faced regulatory delays and high expenses. This partnership is part of a broader U.S. government strategy to integrate AI into nuclear energy infrastructure, supporting faster, safer, and smarter reactor design and operation. It follows a similar deal between Westinghouse and Google Cloud, signaling AI’s growing