Why Simple Fuels Win at Sea: Assessing LNG SOFCs, Hydrogen, Sails, and CCS Against Practical Needs - CleanTechnica

The article critically examines the practicality of using Bloom Energy’s solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) running on LNG for maritime propulsion, alongside other alternatives like hydrogen, sails, and carbon capture and storage (CCS). It emphasizes the unique and demanding operational environment of ships, which require continuous, reliable power with high power density in confined spaces that also accommodate cargo and crew. The maritime industry’s existing propulsion technologies—such as dual-fuel LNG engines, methanol engines, hybrid electric systems, and energy storage—are evolving to meet these needs, while wind assistance remains limited due to operational constraints. Bloom’s SOFCs, despite being marketed as highly efficient electrical generators, face significant challenges for maritime use. These fuel cells operate at high temperatures (~800°C), producing about 325 kW per 15-ton module, which is bulky relative to output and generates substantial heat that complicates thermal management in tight ship engine rooms. Additionally, the modules degrade relatively quickly, with median replacement cycles around five