Articles tagged with "battery-materials"
New solvent method extracts lithium faster from low-grade brines
Researchers at Columbia Engineering have developed a novel solvent-based method called switchable solvent selective extraction (S3E) to extract lithium more quickly and cleanly from low-grade brines, which are traditionally difficult to process due to low lithium concentrations and high contamination. Unlike conventional solar evaporation ponds that are slow, water-intensive, and limited to specific climates, S3E uses a temperature-sensitive solvent that selectively absorbs lithium ions and water at room temperature and releases purified lithium upon heating, allowing the solvent to be reused. This process also effectively removes magnesium, a common contaminant, enhancing lithium selectivity by up to 10 times over sodium and 12 times over potassium. Lab tests simulating brines from California’s Salton Sea—a region with lithium reserves sufficient for over 375 million electric vehicle batteries—showed that S3E could recover nearly 40% of lithium over multiple cycles using the same solvent batch. The method can operate continuously and be powered by low-grade heat from waste or solar sources,
energylithium-extractionbattery-materialsrenewable-energysustainable-miningsolar-energyelectric-vehiclesAddressing the Scale-Up Challenge for Clean Energy Process Technologies - CleanTechnica
The article by Dhruv Soni highlights the critical challenge of scaling up clean energy process technologies in the United States amid the urgent need to address climate change. While the U.S. leads in early-stage innovation across sectors like carbon capture, hydrogen, sustainable fuels, and battery materials, it currently lags in scaling these technologies to commercial levels—a role increasingly filled by countries like China. The traditional model of innovation ("zero-to-one") followed by external scale-up ("one-to-one-hundred") is no longer sufficient given intensifying environmental crises, geopolitical shifts, and the pressing timeline to meet 2030 and 2050 emissions targets. Scientific innovation is no longer the bottleneck; rather, the key challenge lies in deploying technologies at scale and rebuilding domestic industrial capacity. Scale-up in chemical engineering involves increasing process throughput from lab or pilot scales to commercial scales, a transition fraught with technical, financial, and operational complexities. Physical and chemical behaviors do not scale linearly, and first-of-a-kind
energyclean-energyprocess-scale-upsustainable-fuelsbattery-materialscarbon-capturehydrogen-energyPhotos: Inside Tesla’s new Texas refinery turning rock into EV battery lithium
Tesla has officially commenced production at its new lithium refinery near Corpus Christi, Texas, marking a significant milestone in North America’s electric vehicle (EV) supply chain. The facility, which reached full startup in 2025 after just two years from groundbreaking, is designed specifically to process spodumene, a hard rock lithium mineral, into battery-grade lithium hydroxide. Unlike traditional lithium refineries that rely on acid-based methods, Tesla’s plant uses a cleaner, acid-free process involving high-temperature kilns, alkaline leaching, and multiple purification steps, resulting in inert and stable byproducts rather than hazardous waste. The refinery’s innovative approach also turns byproducts into useful materials such as analcime, sand, and limestone, which can be used in concrete mixes, thereby reducing waste and emissions. With an expected output capable of supporting about 50 gigawatt hours of batteries annually—enough lithium for roughly one million EVs—this facility is the largest lithium processing plant in North America. Tesla views
energylithium-refineryelectric-vehicle-batteriesbattery-materialslithium-extractionsustainable-energyTesla-energy-technologyWhy the Sudden Emergence Sodium-Ion Batteries? - CleanTechnica
The article discusses the recent surge in interest and development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), highlighting CATL’s announcement to commercialize sodium-ion batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) by 2026 with a 310-mile range. Sodium-ion batteries differ from lithium-ion batteries primarily in their cathode and electrolyte materials, with sodium compounds replacing lithium. Various companies have developed different sodium-ion chemistries, such as Prussian white cathodes and hard carbon anodes, achieving diverse performance metrics including rapid charging (15 minutes to 80%), wide operating temperature ranges (-40°C to 70°C), and long cycle lives (up to 25,000 cycles). Notably, sodium-ion batteries exhibit superior low-temperature performance and safety compared to lithium-ion batteries, with better fire resistance and compliance with stringent Chinese safety regulations. Historically, sodium-ion battery research gained momentum after the discovery of hard carbon anodes in 2000, with commercial efforts starting around 2011. Early sodium-ion batteries
energysodium-ion-batteriesbattery-technologyelectric-vehiclesCATLbattery-materialsenergy-storageSodium EV battery beats lithium in charging speed, heat control
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have experimentally demonstrated that sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) exhibit intrinsically faster charging speeds than conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly when using hard carbon (HC) anodes. This porous, low-crystalline carbon material facilitates rapid sodium ion insertion, enabling SIBs to achieve energy densities comparable to LIBs. The study addresses a key limitation in traditional testing methods, which often underestimate HC’s charging capabilities due to ion transport bottlenecks in dense electrodes. By employing a “diluted electrode method” that isolates HC particles with inactive aluminum oxide powder, the researchers accurately measured ion diffusion rates and found sodium ions diffuse faster than lithium ions within HC. The team identified the rate-limiting step in charging as the “pore-filling” process, where ions form pseudo-metallic clusters inside HC nanopores. Sodium requires less activation energy than lithium for this clustering, resulting in faster kinetics and reduced sensitivity to temperature changes. These findings suggest that SIB
energybatteriessodium-ion-batterylithium-ion-batteryelectric-vehiclesbattery-materialsenergy-storageAccidental discovery separates lithium from brines without electricity
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a novel, electricity-free membrane method to extract lithium from magnesium-rich brines, which were previously considered uneconomical for lithium recovery. Traditional lithium extraction from brines relies on evaporation ponds and chemical treatments to separate lithium from magnesium, but high magnesium concentrations complicate this process, increasing costs and environmental impact. The new approach uses a negatively charged membrane with pure water on one side and brine on the other, allowing lithium ions to pass through while magnesium ions are trapped, due to their strong binding to the membrane’s negative charges. This unexpected behavior contrasts with conventional electrodialysis, where magnesium ions typically move faster because of their higher charge. This discovery could unlock vast lithium resources trapped in magnesium-rich waters, such as those in the Smackover Formation in Arkansas, helping to meet the growing demand for lithium driven by batteries, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. However, the method cannot separate lithium from ions with the same charge, like sodium, so
lithium-extractionmembrane-technologysustainable-energybattery-materialsrenewable-energymagnesium-rich-brineschemical-engineeringUS confirms major rare earth and critical metals discovery in Utah
Ionic Mineral Technologies (Ionic MT), a US battery materials manufacturer based in Provo, Utah, has confirmed a major discovery of a high-grade rare earth and critical metals deposit beneath Utah’s desert at its Silicon Ridge project. Independent assays verified that the 74,000-square-foot site contains about 16 high-quality minerals, including lithium, gallium, germanium, rubidium, cesium, vanadium, tungsten, niobium, and both light and heavy rare earth elements. The deposit, found in ion-adsorption clay formations similar to those responsible for a significant portion of China’s rare earth production, shows an average combined grade of around 2,700 parts per million, which is higher than comparable Chinese deposits. This grade has been confirmed across only 11 percent of the project area, indicating substantial potential for expansion. The discovery is considered a pivotal step toward US resource independence, as these critical minerals are essential for AI, defense technologies, and electric vehicle batteries. Ionic MT
rare-earth-elementscritical-metalsbattery-materialsenergy-storagelithium-miningmaterials-scienceUS-resource-independenceChina's solid-state EV battery materials giant secures 8 new patents
Chinese battery materials company Tinci has secured eight new patents related to sulfide solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries, underscoring its commitment to advancing solid-state battery technology for electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems. Four patents focus on specific electrolyte formulations and preparation methods, while the other four address versions tailored for full solid-state battery systems. These innovations aim to improve battery safety, durability, energy density, and long-term performance under demanding conditions. Tinci emphasizes that these materials are designed for practical applications beyond laboratory testing. Currently, Tinci’s sulfide electrolyte program is in the pilot phase, with kilogram-scale samples supplied to battery manufacturers for evaluation. A mid-scale pilot production line is under construction, expected to be operational by mid-2026. The development leverages a liquid-phase reaction method adapted from Tinci’s existing lithium salt manufacturing technologies. The company’s strategic partnerships with leading Chinese battery makers, notably CATL and BYD, have evolved from procurement to deep technical
energymaterialssolid-state-batteryelectric-vehicleslithium-batteriesbattery-materialsenergy-storageWith Its Nickel Advantage, Can The Philippines Become An EV Battery Powerhouse? - CleanTechnica
The Philippines holds a significant geological advantage in the global electric vehicle (EV) revolution as one of the world’s largest nickel producers, accounting for about 25% of global supply with 430,000 metric tons produced in 2024. However, the country currently exports 90% of its nickel as raw ore, missing out on the higher-value midstream and downstream processing stages that convert nickel into battery-grade materials essential for EV batteries. Nickel is a critical component in lithium-ion batteries, particularly in Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) cells, which offer high energy density and driving range. The Philippines also produces around 3% of global cobalt, further positioning it to develop NMC-based battery production despite a market trend toward Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) cells for cost reasons. To capitalize on its nickel resources, experts suggest the Philippines enforce raw ore export bans by 2025 and invest in hydrometallurgical processing technologies like High Pressure Acid Leaching (
energyelectric-vehiclesnickelbattery-materialslithium-ion-batteriesEV-battery-productionPhilippines-energy-resourcesEpsilon Banks On EV Batteries 1 Million Made-In-The-US EV b
The article discusses Epsilon Advanced Materials (EAM), an Indian energy storage company, which is advancing plans to build a graphite anode factory in North Carolina aimed at supplying enough material for about 1 million U.S.-made electric vehicles (EVs) annually by 2030. Despite a recent downturn in U.S. EV sales following the expiration of the $7,500 federal EV tax credit, EAM is moving forward with its facility, targeting initial operations in 2027 with a 50% capacity to support 500,000 EVs. This timeline aligns with industry expectations that EV demand will stabilize and grow over the longer term, supported by expanding charging infrastructure and potential future federal policies. EAM has secured a supply agreement with Phillips 66 for green and calcined needle coke, a key precursor derived from oil refining byproducts, essential for current graphite anode production. While not entirely green, this supply chain component is critical for today’s EV batteries. Looking ahead, the article
energyelectric-vehiclesEV-batteriesbattery-materialsgraphite-anodeenergy-storageclean-energy-technologiesBMW Closes In On The Solid State EV Battery Of The Future
The article discusses BMW’s advancing efforts in developing solid state batteries for electric vehicles (EVs), highlighting the automaker’s collaboration with US startup Solid Power and Korean firm Samsung SDI. Solid state batteries replace the conventional liquid electrolyte with solid materials, offering advantages such as reduced fire hazards, lighter weight, greater compactness, longer lifespan, and improved performance. Despite challenges in replacing liquid electrolytes, solid state battery technology is nearing commercialization, with several major players like QuantumScape and Toyota making significant strides. BMW’s involvement dates back to 2016, and the company invested in Solid Power when it went public in 2021. The current collaboration aims to integrate Solid Power’s sulfide-based solid electrolyte technology with Samsung SDI’s manufacturing capabilities, ultimately leading to a BMW demonstration vehicle. Solid Power’s approach uses a single sulfide-based solid layer that functions both as a separator and conductive electrolyte, focusing on cost containment and scalable production using earth-abundant materials. While sulfide electrolytes face certain
energysolid-state-batteryelectric-vehicleBMWbattery-materialsSamsung-SDISolid-PowerTrump DOE confirms it’s canceling over $700M in manufacturing grants
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Trump administration has confirmed it is canceling approximately $720 million in manufacturing grants originally awarded during the Biden administration. These grants, funded by the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021, were intended to support companies involved in battery material production, lithium-ion battery recycling, and manufacturing of energy-efficient super-insulating windows. Energy Secretary Chris Wright cited missed milestones and insufficient progress toward national energy goals as reasons for the cancellations. The affected projects include several startups such as Ascend Elements, Anovion, and LuxWall, which had received substantial funding to develop innovative technologies and manufacturing facilities aimed at strengthening domestic supply chains and reducing energy consumption. Among the impacted companies, Ascend Elements was awarded $316 million to build a lithium-ion battery recycling facility in Kentucky and had already received $206 million. Anovion received $117 million to reshore synthetic graphite production critical for battery anodes, a market currently dominated by Chinese suppliers. LuxWall, awarded
energybattery-materialslithium-ion-batteriesmanufacturing-grantssynthetic-graphiteenergy-efficiencyrecycling-technologyAmerican Battery Technology Company Publishes Milestone Pre-Feasibility Study Accelerating Commercialization of its Tonopah Flats Lithium Project, One of the Largest Lithium Resources in the United States - CleanTechnica
American Battery Technology Company (ABTC) has published a milestone Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) and S-K 1300 Technical Report for its Tonopah Flats Lithium Project (TFLP) near Tonopah, Nevada, highlighting the project's strong economic potential and strategic importance for the U.S. critical mineral lithium supply chain. The study projects a 30,000 tonnes per year lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LHM) production capacity over a 45-year mine life, with an after-tax net present value (NPV) at 8% of $2.57 billion, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 21.8%, and a payback period of 7.5 years. Key improvements include a 9.2% reduction in production costs to $4,307 per tonne LHM, an increased lithium grade entering the refinery (from ~800 ppm to ~2,100 ppm), and integrated onsite power generation with battery
energylithiumbattery-materialsenergy-storageminingcritical-mineralssustainabilityElectrolyte breakthrough could help make next-gen solid-state batteries
Researchers at Japan’s Tohoku University have demonstrated that two pressure-assisted sintering methods—hot pressing (HP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS)—are equally effective for fabricating dense, high-quality garnet-type oxide solid electrolytes (Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ or LLZO) for next-generation solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). Both techniques achieve nearly full densification (~98%) in under five minutes without significant differences in ionic conductivity or microstructure. This challenges the previously held belief that SPS offers unique advantages due to a “plasma effect,” showing instead that densification is driven primarily by applied pressure and heat. The study, published in Small, highlights that either HP or SPS can be chosen based on factors such as cost, equipment availability, and scalability rather than presumed performance superiority. This finding is significant because conventional oxide electrolyte fabrication requires prolonged high-temperature sintering, which is costly and leads to lithium evaporation. By validating these rapid
energysolid-state-batterieselectrolytehot-pressingspark-plasma-sinteringlithium-ion-batteriesbattery-materialsMembrane extracts lithium from brines faster, cleaner for batteries
Researchers at Rice University have developed an innovative nanotechnology-based membrane that selectively filters lithium from saltwater brines more quickly and sustainably than traditional methods. Unlike the current large-scale lithium extraction process, which relies on slow evaporation ponds and heavy chemical use—taking over a year and consuming vast amounts of water—the new membrane uses electrodialysis to pass lithium ions through while blocking other abundant ions like sodium, calcium, and magnesium. This selective filtration is achieved by embedding lithium titanium oxide (LTO) nanoparticles into the membrane, whose crystal structure is precisely sized to allow lithium ions to pass, enhancing energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact. The membrane’s design incorporates a defect-free polyamide layer grafted with amine groups to evenly blend the LTO nanoparticles, resulting in a strong, durable material that maintained performance over two weeks of continuous use. Its modular three-layer architecture allows for independent optimization, making the technology adaptable for extracting other valuable minerals such as cobalt and nickel. This advancement represents a significant step toward cleaner
energylithium-extractionnanotechnologymembrane-technologybattery-materialssustainable-energyelectrodialysisLFP Powder That Cost 40 Percent Less? Electroflow Says Its Possible - CleanTechnica
Electroflow Technologies, based in San Bruno, California, has developed a proprietary process to extract battery-grade lithium from brine in just three steps, significantly simplifying the traditional ten-step method. This innovation aims to produce lithium iron phosphate (LFP) powder at a cost up to 40% lower than current Chinese suppliers, who dominate the market. The company’s co-founders, Eric McShane and Evan Gardner, believe their technology can reduce LFP powder production costs from around $4,000 per metric ton to potentially less than $2,500, while establishing a domestic supply chain independent of Chinese processing and refining. The Electroflow process uses an electrochemical cell with anodes that absorb lithium ions from brine and then release them into water containing carbonates, producing lithium carbonate ready for conversion into LFP powder. This system runs entirely on electricity, with low power consumption comparable to that of an average U.S. household for producing 50 metric tons annually. Additionally, the process rec
energylithium-extractionLFP-powderbattery-materialsElectroflow-Technologiesclean-energydomestic-supply-chainElectroflow promises to make LFP material for 40% less than Chinese producers
Electroflow, a U.S.-based startup, has developed a novel technology to produce lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) battery material at significantly lower costs than Chinese producers, who currently dominate the market with about 99% of global supply. LFP batteries are prized for being affordable and durable, making them attractive for electric vehicles (EVs). However, tariffs and anti-China regulations have complicated supply chains for American automakers. Electroflow’s process streamlines lithium extraction from briny water sources—common in the U.S.—reducing the traditional multi-step production to just three steps. This innovation could cut LFP battery costs by up to 40% compared to Chinese prices while establishing a domestic supply chain. The company’s technology uses a specialized cell with anodes that absorb lithium ions from brines and release them into carbonate solutions, producing lithium carbonate ready for conversion into LFP powder. This process is electricity-driven, highly efficient, and environmentally friendly, with water largely recycled and energy
energylithium-ion-batterieslithium-iron-phosphatebattery-materialsenergy-storagedomestic-supply-chainbattery-production-technologyU.S. government takes stake in Canadian lithium miner and its Nevada mining project
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has secured a 5% equity stake in Canadian lithium miner Lithium Americas and a 5% stake in its Nevada mining joint venture with General Motors (GM) through a renegotiation of a federal loan. These stakes are acquired via no-cost warrants, serving as additional collateral to reduce taxpayer repayment risk. Lithium Americas is developing the Thacker Pass mine in Nevada, a project approved by President Trump in January 2021, which is expected to produce enough lithium to supply batteries for up to 800,000 electric vehicles annually in its first phase. GM holds a 38% stake in Lithium Americas, acquired last year for $625 million, granting it rights to lithium production sufficient for 1.6 million EVs over 20 years. This move aligns with the Trump administration’s broader strategy to strengthen domestic critical mineral supply chains and reduce dependence on foreign sources. U.S. Energy Secretary Chris Wright emphasized that despite the U.S. having large lithium
energylithium-miningelectric-vehiclesbattery-materialsU.S.-Department-of-Energycritical-mineralsdomestic-supply-chainNew molecule fix gives 99.96% efficiency, 600 cycles to zinc batteries
Researchers at Seoul National University have significantly enhanced the performance and stability of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) by modifying a single molecule in the electrolyte. By engineering the electrolyte’s co-solvent, they developed a phosphate-based molecule called diethyl(difluoromethyl)phosphonate (DEDFP), which replaces an ethoxy group in the conventional triethyl phosphate (TEP) with a difluoromethyl group. This modification leads to a weaker interaction with zinc ions, reducing the energy needed for zinc deposition, and increases hydrophobicity, which repels water molecules from the electrode surface. As a result, the batteries achieved an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.96% and maintained stable operation for up to 600 charge-discharge cycles, outperforming TEP-based systems that fail after fewer cycles. A crucial benefit of the DEDFP co-solvent is the formation of a stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer composed of
energyzinc-ion-batterieselectrolyte-engineeringenergy-storagebattery-efficiencyaqueous-zinc-ion-batteriesbattery-materialsSolid-state sodium batteries that offer potential to replace lithium built
Researchers have developed solid-state sodium batteries that maintain performance even at subzero temperatures, marking a significant advancement toward making sodium a viable alternative to lithium in battery technology. Sodium is abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally less damaging than lithium, but prior solid-state sodium batteries struggled with ionic conductivity and performance at room temperature. The team combined computational and experimental methods to stabilize a metastable form of sodium hydridoborate by heating it to its crystallization point and then rapidly cooling it, a technique not previously applied to solid electrolytes. This process kinetically locks the orthorhombic phase, which exhibits fast sodium-ion mobility and significantly higher ionic conductivity—up to an order of magnitude greater than previously reported structures. By pairing this stabilized sodium hydridoborate phase with a chloride-based solid-electrolyte-coated cathode, the researchers created thick, high-areal-loading composite cathodes that retain performance down to subzero temperatures. This design contrasts with earlier strategies that used thin cathodes,
energysolid-state-batteriessodium-batteriesbattery-materialsenergy-storagesolid-electrolytesmetastable-materials92% lithium recovery rate achieved as method uses natural compound
Researchers at Clausthal University of Technology in Germany have developed a method to improve lithium recovery from smelting slags—rocky byproducts of ore processing—using punicin, a natural compound derived from pomegranate leaves. By synthesizing and testing over 50 punicin derivatives, the team achieved lithium recovery rates of up to 92% through optimized flotation separation processes. Punicin’s unique chemical structure, which allows its charge state to be adjusted by pH and its properties to change under light exposure, enables selective attachment to lithium-bearing minerals, making them hydrophobic and easier to separate from unwanted materials. This advancement in lithium recycling is significant given the growing demand for lithium in batteries powering electric vehicles, smartphones, and other electronics. The researchers are also exploring punicin derivatives for recovering other lithium engineered artificial minerals (EnAMs), such as lithium manganates, as well as valuable metals like copper and tantalum. The ability to control flotation through light and pH adjustments offers greater precision in mineral separation
energylithium-recoverybattery-materialsrecycling-technologyflotation-separationnatural-compoundssustainable-energy-materialsOne of world's largest lithium deposits found in Germany's Altmark
Neptune Energy has confirmed the discovery of one of the world’s largest lithium deposits in Germany’s Altmark region, with an estimated 43 million tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE). Located in Northern Saxony-Anhalt, an area historically known for natural gas production, this lithium resource was validated by the independent agency Sproule ERCE under international standards. The Altmark basin’s Rotliegend brines are highly mineralized and lithium-rich, positioning the region as a significant future supplier of this critical raw material for batteries and electric vehicles (EVs). This discovery could notably enhance Europe’s role in the global EV and battery supply chain. In response to the growing demand for sustainable battery materials, Neptune Energy is shifting from fossil fuels to clean lithium extraction using direct lithium extraction (DLE) technology. This environmentally friendly method isolates lithium from underground brine with minimal land use and impact, avoiding traditional open-pit mining or evaporation ponds. Neptune has already completed two successful pilot projects and is conducting a
energylithiumbattery-materialsclean-energydirect-lithium-extractionEV-supply-chainrenewable-resourcesRoom-temperature method makes alloys without high furnace heat
Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a novel room-temperature method to create high-entropy alloys (HEAs) without the need for traditional high-heat furnaces. Unlike conventional alloy production, which requires heating metals to extreme temperatures to achieve atomic disorder, the team used liquid gallium at mild temperatures (25–80°C) to rapidly form HEAs. By dissolving metal salts in water and reacting them with molten gallium, metals shed chlorine atoms and merge into stable, durable HEAs almost instantly. This breakthrough was inspired by real-time atomic-scale observations using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy, which revealed unexpected bonding behaviors and rapid transitions from amorphous liquid metal to crystalline structures. The new process allows for scalable production of HEAs with customizable strength and crystal structures, holding significant promise for various industrial applications. Potential uses include efficient catalysts for batteries and fuel cells, aerospace components requiring high strength and resilience, and mineral recovery from wastewater in mining and geothermal operations. The team is also collaborating with UC Berkeley
materialshigh-entropy-alloysliquid-galliumroom-temperature-synthesismetal-alloysbattery-materialscatalysis-materialsTrump admin wants 10% stake in American lithium miner that sells to GM
The Trump administration is seeking up to a 10% equity stake in Lithium Americas, the company developing the Thacker Pass lithium mine in Nevada, which is poised to become the largest lithium mine in the Western Hemisphere. This request comes as part of renegotiating the repayment terms of a $2.26 billion Department of Energy loan. Despite President Trump’s critical stance on the energy transition, a White House official emphasized his support for the project’s success and fairness to taxpayers, noting that "there’s no such thing as free money." The Thacker Pass mine’s first phase is expected to produce enough lithium to supply batteries for up to 800,000 electric vehicles annually. General Motors, which holds a 38% stake in Lithium Americas following a $625 million investment last year, has secured rights to purchase the entire first phase production and 20 years of the second phase, totaling lithium sufficient for 1.6 million EVs over two decades. The Trump administration is reportedly asking GM to guarantee
energylithium-miningelectric-vehiclesDepartment-of-Energygreen-energybattery-materialssustainable-transportationSila opens U.S. factory to make silicon anodes for energy dense EV batteries
Sila, a battery materials startup, has commenced operations at its new factory in Moses Lake, Washington, marking the first large-scale silicon anode production facility in the Western world. Initially, the factory can produce enough silicon anode material to supply batteries for 20,000 to 50,000 electric vehicles (EVs), with potential expansion plans to meet demand for up to 2.5 million vehicles. Silicon anodes, which Sila has developed over 14 years, can increase lithium-ion battery energy density by up to 50%, offering significant improvements in EV battery performance, including faster charging and reduced reliance on costly materials like nickel. The choice of Moses Lake leverages local advantages such as cheap hydropower, ample land, and proximity to key raw materials, enabling a cost-effective production process. Sila aims to demonstrate consistency between materials produced at this new facility and those from its prior R&D line. The company anticipates that batteries using its silicon anodes will become cheaper than
energybattery-materialssilicon-anodeselectric-vehicleslithium-ion-batteriesEV-manufacturingclean-energyNew doping helps sodium batteries retain 60% capacity for 300 cycles
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have demonstrated that doping the cathode material of sodium-ion batteries with scandium significantly improves their cycling stability. Specifically, introducing scandium into the P′2 polytype of sodium manganese oxide (Na2/3[Mn1−xScx]O2) cathodes helps maintain structural integrity by altering crystal growth, reducing side reactions with the electrolyte, and enhancing moisture stability. In practical tests, coin-type full cells with 8% scandium doping retained 60% of their capacity after 300 charge-discharge cycles, addressing the common problem of rapid capacity fading caused by Jahn-Teller distortion in layered sodium manganese oxides. This study not only highlights scandium doping as a promising strategy to extend the lifespan and performance of sodium-ion batteries but also provides a broader approach for improving the structural stability of layered metal oxides used in battery applications. While scandium is an expensive metal, the findings suggest its feasibility for developing high-performance, long-life sodium-ion batteries
energysodium-ion-batteriesbattery-materialsscandium-dopingcathode-stabilitybattery-performanceenergy-storage-materialsScientists use ‘radical’ material for 1,500-cycle next-gen battery
Researchers from Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin and the Technical University of Berlin have developed a novel material based on a radical-cationic covalent organic framework (COF) that significantly enhances lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery performance. This new crystalline organic polymer features high porosity, customizable structure, low density, and chemical stability. Crucially, the COF material traps polysulfides—byproducts that typically dissolve and degrade battery life—within its porous structure, preventing their migration and thus extending battery lifespan. The material incorporates tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) radical units that act as catalysts, converting trapped polysulfides back into usable sulfur, which addresses a major limitation of Li-S batteries. Experimental analyses, including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, demonstrated that the radical cations in the COF facilitate the breaking and reforming of sulfur-sulfur bonds, effectively regenerating the battery’s active material. This innovation allows Li-S batteries to sustain over
energylithium-sulfur-batteriesbattery-materialscovalent-organic-frameworkenergy-storagebattery-performancebattery-lifespanHell’s Kitchen: Can Lithium & Geothermal Power Thrive In The Salton Sea? - CleanTechnica
The Hell’s Kitchen project in Imperial County, California, spearheaded by Controlled Thermal Resources, aims to simultaneously generate geothermal electricity and extract lithium from geothermal brine in the Salton Sea region. The initial phase targets producing 25,000 tons per year of battery-grade lithium hydroxide monohydrate alongside approximately 50 MW of electricity. This project is notable for leveraging the unique geothermal and mineral-rich brines of the Salton Sea, one of the few U.S. locations with sufficient heat and lithium concentrations (150-250 mg/L) to support such integrated operations. The project has received special federal permitting and secured investments and off-take agreements with major automakers, highlighting its strategic importance in clean energy and critical mineral supply chains. The Salton Sea itself is a complex ecological and social environment, formed accidentally in 1905 and now facing environmental challenges such as increasing salinity, shrinking shorelines, and air quality issues from exposed playa dust. The brines are chemically challenging due to high
energylithium-extractiongeothermal-powerclean-energybattery-materialsrenewable-energySalton-SeaUS chemists efficiently recycle lithium from used EV batteries
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have developed a novel, low-cost electrochemical method to efficiently recycle lithium from spent lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) electric vehicle (EV) batteries. Unlike conventional recycling methods that are economically unviable for LFP batteries due to the absence of valuable metals other than lithium, this new two-step process selectively extracts lithium ions using a lithium-ion storage electrode and then recovers them as high-purity lithium chemicals such as Li3PO4, Li2CO3, or LiOH. The method regenerates the acid used in lithium leaching, minimizing chemical consumption and waste, thus offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly recycling approach. The researchers demonstrated the process’s effectiveness using both commercial LFP batteries and industrial black mass derived from spent batteries. This electrochemical system operates under mild conditions without requiring special inputs, making it potentially scalable and cost-effective. Given the growing market shift toward LFP batteries—which are cheaper and safer but less valuable to recycle due to
energylithium-recyclingelectric-vehicle-batteriesbattery-materialselectrochemical-processsustainable-energylithium-ion-batteries10 million EVs could be powered by lithium hidden in US mine waste
A recent study led by Elizabeth Holley of the Colorado School of Mines reveals that the United States could significantly boost its supply of critical minerals by recovering valuable elements from existing mine waste, currently treated as byproducts. Analyzing 54 active mines across 70 elements, the research estimates that just one year’s worth of U.S. mine waste contains enough lithium to power 10 million electric vehicles and enough manganese for 99 million, far exceeding current domestic demand and imports. Recovering even 1 percent of these byproducts could substantially reduce U.S. reliance on imports, while a 4 percent recovery of lithium alone could eliminate the need for lithium imports entirely. The study highlights specific mines with high potential for various minerals, such as germanium in Alaska’s Red Dog mine and nickel in Montana’s Stillwater and East Boulder mines. The authors argue that the fastest way to increase domestic mineral production is by optimizing existing mining operations through adding recovery circuits for byproducts, which could quickly bring needed minerals to
energylithiumelectric-vehiclesminingcritical-mineralsbattery-materialssustainable-energyTechCrunch Mobility: Waymo’s Big Apple score and Nvidia backs Nuro
The article from TechCrunch Mobility covers several key developments in the autonomous vehicle and electric vehicle (EV) sectors. Serve Robotics acquired AI startup Vayu Robotics for an estimated $45-50 million to enhance its autonomous sidewalk delivery robots. Nuro, an autonomous vehicle tech startup, raised a Series E funding round with new investors including Nvidia, alongside existing backers like Baillie Gifford and Icehouse Ventures. Uber also made a significant multimillion-dollar investment in Nuro, reportedly exceeding its prior $300 million investment in EV maker Lucid. Other notable funding news includes ARK Invest backing Chinese autonomous driving firm Grid Aero, and Group14 securing investment from major industry players like SK, Microsoft, and Porsche while acquiring full ownership of a joint venture in South Korea. Additional updates highlight industry moves such as Hertz selling preowned vehicles on Amazon Autos, Redwood Materials partnering with Caterpillar on battery-electric underground loaders, and Tesla planning new in-car voice assistant features. The Routing Company, a startup focused on
robotautonomous-vehiclesAI-roboticselectric-vehiclesbattery-materialsenergy-storagemobility-technologyDeep-sea mining dilemma: Powering green tech at the cost of ocean life
The article discusses the complex dilemma posed by deep-sea mining, particularly the extraction of polymetallic nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Pacific Ocean. These nodules, rich in critical metals like nickel, copper, and manganese, are essential for manufacturing batteries and renewable energy technologies, with global demand expected to surge by 2040. Proponents argue that harvesting these nodules could stabilize supply chains and reduce reliance on environmentally damaging and ethically problematic land-based mining. The mining process involves a sophisticated system operating 4,000 meters below the ocean surface, using a robotic collector to vacuum nodules from the seafloor, which are then transported to the surface for processing. However, scientists and environmentalists warn that deep-sea mining could irreversibly damage fragile ecosystems that have developed over millions of years. The seabed habitats, including newly discovered species like the gelatinous "gummy squirrel" sea cucumber, depend on the nodules for survival.
energymaterialsdeep-sea-miningpolymetallic-noduleselectric-vehiclesrenewable-energybattery-materialsEnergy Storage Breakthroughs Enable a Strong & Secure Energy Landscape at Argonne - CleanTechnica
Researchers at the University of Michigan, leveraging the supercomputing resources at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory, are pioneering the use of artificial intelligence (AI) foundation models to accelerate the discovery of advanced battery materials. Traditionally, battery material development relied heavily on intuition and incremental improvements to a limited set of materials discovered mainly between 1975 and 1985. The new AI-driven approach uses large, specialized models trained on massive datasets of molecular information to predict key properties such as conductivity, melting point, and flammability, enabling more targeted exploration of potential battery electrolytes and electrodes. The scale of possible molecular compounds—estimated at around 10^60—makes traditional trial-and-error methods impractical. The AI foundation models, trained on billions of known molecules, can efficiently navigate this vast chemical space by identifying promising candidates with desirable properties for next-generation batteries. In 2024, the team utilized Argonne’s Polaris supercomputer to train one of the largest chemical foundation models
energybattery-materialsAI-in-energysupercomputingmolecular-designbattery-electrolytesbattery-electrodesEuropean tech recovers EV battery-grade lithium from spent cells
A collaboration between two European companies, Belgium-based Syensqo and Germany-based cylib, has pioneered a novel technology to recover high-purity lithium hydroxide from spent electric vehicle (EV) batteries. Their integrated process can handle various battery chemistries on a single operating line, simplifying lithium recovery and purification. This approach uses a hydrometallurgical method enhanced by Syensqo’s patented solvent extraction technology, resulting in lithium hydroxide purity that exceeds the standards required by cathode active material (CAM) manufacturers. Notably, cylib’s water-based OLiC process reduces the carbon footprint of lithium extraction by 80% compared to traditional raw material extraction methods. The innovation addresses the growing environmental and supply challenges posed by the increasing number of end-of-life EV batteries and the rising demand for lithium. Conventional recycling methods often require different processing lines for various battery chemistries, increasing costs and complexity. By unifying these steps, the Syensqo-cylib collaboration offers a scalable and
energyelectric-vehicleslithium-battery-recyclingbattery-grade-lithiumhydrometallurgysustainable-energybattery-materialsRecurrent Sees Gas Car Tipping Point In The Near Future, Despite New Tariffs - CleanTechnica
The article discusses Recurrent, an organization focused on accelerating the transition to electric vehicles (EVs), highlighting its data-driven insights that predict a near-term tipping point where gas-powered cars will decline significantly. According to Recurrent CEO Scott Case, states like California have already reached a stage where EV sales approach 30% of new car sales, triggering a decline in the number of gas cars on the road. This tipping point is expected in other states such as Colorado and Washington by 2026. The reasoning is that as older gas cars are retired annually, a growing share of new EV sales leads to an overall reduction in gas vehicles, even before EVs reach 50% of new sales. However, the article also outlines significant challenges facing the EV revolution, particularly in the U.S. political and economic landscape. The influence of fossil fuel industries has led to weakened environmental regulations and policies that favor traditional energy sources. Additionally, recent U.S. Commerce Department tariffs on Chinese battery-grade graphite—an essential
energyelectric-vehiclesEV-salesfossil-fuelsbattery-materialstariffsclean-transportationManganese-based sodium batteries get powerful copper upgrade
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science have developed a copper-doping method that significantly improves the performance and lifespan of sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries, particularly those using manganese-based cathode materials. Sodium, being the sixth most abundant element on Earth, offers a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to lithium-ion batteries, but challenges remain in battery stability and capacity retention. The study focuses on layered sodium manganese oxide (NaMnO2), which exists in two crystal forms: α-NaMnO2 and β-NaMnO2. While β-NaMnO2 typically suffers from defects called stacking faults (SFs) that cause severe capacity reduction, copper doping stabilizes the β-phase by suppressing these faults, resulting in highly durable and reversible electrodes. The research, published in Advanced Materials, demonstrated that Cu-doped β-NaMnO2 electrodes (specifically NMCO-12) maintained stable capacity over 150 charge/discharge cycles, indicating enhanced resilience against structural changes during battery operation.
energysodium-ion-batteriesmanganese-based-oxidesbattery-materialsenergy-storagerenewable-energycathode-materialsChina’s 540 million-ton lithium find could shake up global EV game
China has announced a significant discovery of a hard-rock lithium deposit in the Jijiaoshan mining area of Hunan Province, estimated to contain 490 million tonnes of lithium ore with about 1.31 million tonnes of lithium oxide. This altered granite-type deposit offers advantages over traditional brine sources, including faster processing, lower upfront costs, and more flexible product outputs. The find also includes valuable byproducts like rubidium, tungsten, and tin, which could enhance the economic viability of mining operations. This discovery is poised to support local industrial development and strengthen China’s dominant position in the global battery-materials supply chain. China currently holds 16.5% of global lithium reserves, second only to Chile, and controls over 70% of lithium refining capacity worldwide. The country is also exploring a large spodumene belt in Tibet that could further increase its lithium reserves. With China hosting over 60% of the world’s electric vehicle (EV) fleet and accounting for 76% of global
lithiumbattery-materialselectric-vehiclesenergy-storageminingChina-energy-industrylithium-refiningNew Zealand firm extracts battery metals from olivine with no waste
New Zealand-based Aspiring Materials has developed a patented chemical process that extracts valuable battery metals—specifically nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) hydroxide—from the mineral olivine without generating waste or carbon dioxide emissions. This innovation addresses the traditionally low economic value of olivine by transforming it into critical materials used in lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and energy storage, while also supporting industrial decarbonization efforts. The process yields multiple products: about 50% silica, usable as a partial substitute for Portland cement; roughly 40% magnesium products applicable in carbon sequestration and wastewater treatment; and the remaining 10% comprising iron combined with NMC hydroxide. Beyond carbon capture, this approach enables broader utilization of olivine-derived minerals, potentially reducing reliance on international supply chains for critical battery metals. Aspiring Materials has completed the first phase of its pilot plant and is expanding capacity to produce up to 250 kg of product daily, advancing domestic, low-carbon production of essential
energybattery-materialsnickel-manganese-cobaltolivinecarbon-emissions-reductionindustrial-mineralssustainable-materialsPlugged In: A Lasagna-Lover's Guide to EV Battery Cell Anatomy - CleanTechnica
The article "Plugged In: A Lasagna-Lover's Guide to EV Battery Cell Anatomy" by Mandira Ganti uses the metaphor of lasagna to explain the structure and function of electric vehicle (EV) battery cells, particularly pouch-format cells. It clarifies that what is commonly called an EV battery is actually a battery pack composed of multiple modules (like pans of lasagna), each containing numerous individual battery cells (servings). Each pouch cell consists of layered components analogous to lasagna layers: a cathode (positive electrode) comparable to a sauce layer, an anode (negative electrode) like a ricotta layer, and a polymer separator that keeps these layers distinct, much like pasta sheets in lasagna. These layers are stacked about 20 times within each cell, where the chemical reactions storing energy occur. The article further explains the battery's operation by describing the movement of lithium ions and electrons during charging and discharging. Lithium ions travel internally through the electrolyte—a gel-like substance facilitating
energyelectric-vehiclebattery-technologyEV-battery-cellspouch-cellbattery-materialsenergy-storageAdvanced silicon anode battery retains 90% power after 300 cycles
NEO Battery Materials, a Canadian company, has developed an advanced silicon anode battery, the P-300N, which retains over 90% of its capacity after 300 full charge-discharge cycles, surpassing its initial target of 80%. This achievement positions the P-300N as one of the most stable and cost-effective battery materials globally, particularly for electric vehicle (EV) applications aiming for a 1,000-mile range. The battery uses metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) as its core anode material, which is significantly cheaper than graphite and offers manufacturing advantages over other silicon sources, enabling scalable and cost-efficient production of high-energy-density batteries. The P-300N’s performance was validated in full coin cell tests that simulate commercial lithium-ion battery behavior more realistically than traditional half-cell tests. NEO’s proprietary processing addresses silicon’s typical challenges, such as volume expansion and particle pulverization, thereby enhancing cycle life without sacrificing energy density or safety. Following these promising results
energybattery-technologysilicon-anodeelectric-vehicleslithium-ion-batteryenergy-storagebattery-materialsNovel film improves life of anode-free solid-state battery by 7 times
Researchers at the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) have developed a novel molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin film coating that significantly enhances the lifespan and stability of anode-free all-solid-state batteries (AFASSBs). By applying MoS2 nanosheets onto stainless steel current collectors via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), the team created a cost-effective, scalable alternative to expensive noble metal coatings. This MoS2 layer acts as a sacrificial buffer that reacts with lithium during battery cycling, forming a stable interfacial layer of molybdenum metal and lithium sulfide (Li2S). This dynamic interface improves lithium affinity, prevents dendrite formation, and boosts capacity retention by seven times, enabling stable operation for over 300 hours and tripling battery runtime. The innovation addresses key challenges in AFASSBs, which eliminate the anode to reduce cell volume and increase energy density but suffer from interfacial instability and dendrite growth
energysolid-state-batteriesanode-free-batteriesmolybdenum-disulfidebattery-materialsbattery-technologycapacity-retentionUS lab uses nano-CT scans to breathe new life into dead EV batteries
Researchers at the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) are employing ultra-high-resolution nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) scans to analyze and revive spent lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles (EVs). This nondestructive imaging technique, capable of resolving features down to 50 nanometers, reveals microscopic cracks and internal defects in battery cathodes that traditional methods miss. These cracks, particularly in nickel-rich cathode particles, impede lithium-ion flow and degrade fast-charging capabilities despite retained energy capacity. By correlating structural damage with performance loss, the team can identify specific degradation patterns and tailor direct-recycling methods that refurbish rather than fully rebuild cathodes. The direct-recycling approach aims to repair damaged cathodes through gentler mechanical treatments that restore cracked particles or replace only damaged sections, preserving the crystal structure critical for high energy density. This method contrasts with conventional recycling, which dissolves electrodes into basic chemicals—an energy-intensive process that also risks losing valuable metals. Successful implementation would reduce processing
energylithium-ion-batteriesbattery-recyclingnano-CT-imagingelectric-vehiclesbattery-materialsNational-Renewable-Energy-LaboratoryJadarite, earth’s Kryptonite twin, could fuel 90% of Europe’s e-cars
Jadarite, a rare mineral discovered in 2004 in Serbia’s Jadar Basin by Rio Tinto, has gained renewed attention for its potential to significantly impact Europe’s electric vehicle (EV) battery industry. Chemically similar to the fictional Kryptonite from the 2006 film Superman Returns, jadarite contains high concentrations of lithium and boron—two critical elements for green technologies. Lithium is essential for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries powering EVs, while boron is used in fertilizers, smartphone glass, and renewable energy components. Researchers at the Natural History Museum in London have decoded the mineral’s rare formation process, which requires highly specific environmental conditions, making jadarite unique and currently found only in Serbia. The significance of jadarite lies in its potential to supply up to 90% of Europe’s lithium demand for EV batteries, offering a lower-energy extraction alternative compared to traditional lithium sources like spodumene. This could be transformative for Europe’s clean energy transition and reduce reliance on imported
lithiumelectric-vehiclesrenewable-energybattery-materialsjadaritegreen-energyenergy-transitionMitra Chem is raising $50M for its cheaper, domestic battery materials
Mitra Chem, a battery materials startup focused on enhancing lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) batteries to store more energy, has raised $15.6 million toward a planned $50 million funding round, according to a regulatory filing. LFP batteries are gaining traction among automakers aiming to reduce electric vehicle (EV) costs, but currently, all LFP materials are sourced from outside the United States. Mitra Chem aims to develop cheaper, domestically produced battery materials to address this supply chain gap. The company previously secured funding led by GM and Social Capital, and South Korean firm L&F Corporation is expected to participate in the new round following a $10 million investment earlier in 2025. This fundraising effort comes amid a challenging environment for battery startups, with EV sales growing slower than anticipated and political pressures mounting. The House reconciliation bill proposes ending EV tax credits by 2025 or 2026, potentially impacting market incentives, though the Senate has yet to respond. Mitra Chem also received a $100 million Department of Energy grant last year to build a battery materials plant in Michigan, underscoring federal support for domestic battery manufacturing. The article highlights the strategic importance of Mitra Chem’s efforts to localize and reduce costs in the EV battery supply chain during a period of industry uncertainty.
battery-materialslithium-iron-phosphateelectric-vehiclesenergy-storagedomestic-manufacturingclean-energyEV-batteriesSolid-state battery breakthrough promises 50% more range in one charge
Researchers from Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech) and the AIRI Institute have achieved a significant breakthrough in solid-state battery technology by using machine learning to accelerate the discovery of high-performance battery materials. Their innovation could enable electric vehicles (EVs) to travel up to 50% farther on a single charge while improving safety and battery lifespan. The team employed graph neural networks to rapidly identify optimal materials for solid electrolytes and protective coatings, overcoming a major hurdle in solid-state battery development. This approach is orders of magnitude faster than traditional quantum chemistry methods, enabling quicker advancement in battery design. A key aspect of the research is the identification of protective coatings that shield the solid electrolyte from reactive lithium anodes and cathodes, which otherwise degrade battery performance and increase short-circuit risks. Using AI, the team discovered promising coating compounds such as Li3AlF6 and Li2ZnCl4 for the solid electrolyte Li10GeP2S12, a leading candidate material. This work not only enhances the durability and efficiency of solid-state batteries but also paves the way for safer, more durable, and higher-performing EVs and portable electronics, potentially reshaping the future of energy storage.
energysolid-state-batterybattery-materialselectric-vehiclesmachine-learningneural-networksenergy-storageUS firm's solid electrolytes promise 50% energy boost for EV batteries
energysolid-state-batterieselectrolyteselectric-vehiclesbattery-materialshigh-energy-densitylithium-ion-batteries